Company Profile

Impulse Technologies are a professionally managed Business House specialized in providing innovative business solutions by offering quality IT services high performance and design efficiency. The company concentrates on Multi-Domain Diversified Technologies and has developed versatile experience over the years. It is focused on executing hi-end Technology services and Engineering Solutions to its clients that including leading Indian and Global companies. It follows ISO 9001 standards. It is equivalent to SEI-CMM level 3 company. We are providing end to end solutions.

1 Implementing Intelligent Traffic Control System for Congestion Control, Ambulance Clearance

Implementing Intelligent Traffic Control System for Congestion Control, Ambulance Clearance, and Stolen Vehicle Detection

This paper presents an intelligent traffic control system to pass emergency vehicles smoothly. Each individual vehicle is equipped with special radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (placed at a strategic location), which makes it impossible to remove or destroy. We use RFID reader, NSK EDK-125-TTL, and PIC16F877A system-on-chip to read the RFID tags attached to the vehicle. It counts number of vehicles that passes on a particular path during a specified duration. It also determines the network congestion, and hence the green light duration for that path. If the RFID-tag-read belongs to the stolen vehicle, then a message is sent using GSM SIM300 to the police control room. In addition, when an ambulance is approaching the junction, it will communicate to the traffic controller in the junction to turn ON the green light. This module uses ZigBee modules on CC2500 and PIC16F877A system-on-chip for wireless communications between the ambulance and traffic controller. The prototype was tested under different combinations of inputs in our wireless communication laboratory and experimental results were found as expected.

2 Design and management of an intelligent parking lot system by multiple camera platforms

Design and management of an intelligent parking lot system by multiple camera platforms

Parking in the city has been a major problem in modern days. An efficient way to manage the parking lot and to improve the safety of the driver is very important. Traditional parking lots commonly use security camera, ultrasonic sensors or infrared ray sensors to manage the parking lots. However, these systems are not only expensive but time consuming. Therefore, we present a hybrid intelligent parking system, which is able to inform the drivers where is the empty parking space, lend the drivers to easily record where they parking, provide remote monitoring, and offer the parking spot leading service when drivers forget where they parked. In addition, the security guard of the parking lot could provide the functions of remote monitoring, detection and monitoring of parking in the personal sites, and fire detection. This system also employs the micro aerial vehicle (MAV) as mobile monitoring in the indoor environments instead of monitoring by fixed cameras. Through this paper, we demonstrate our system from both driver's view and security guard's view

3 Omni View: A mobile collaborative system for assisting drivers with a map of surrounding traffic

Omni View: A mobile collaborative system for assisting drivers with a map of surrounding traffic

To assist drivers and prevent collisions, we propose a system called OmniView that extends driver's vision in all directions, using cameras of multiple collaborating smartphones in the surrounding vehicles. OmniView provides a driver with a traffic map about the relative positions of surrounding vehicles. Under OmniView, each vehicle detects other vehicles in its view, estimates their relative positions, and broadcasts its local map. Upon reception of a map from another vehicle, a vehicle updates its own map by fusing it with the received map. A key issue faced by OmniView is, how does a vehicle address another vehicle in its map? We propose that a vehicle's image itself could be treated as its address. However, if we include images in each map message, the communication overhead will be high. Towards that end, OmniView resolves a vehicle's image to a small unique ID. With this approach, we demonstrate that it is feasible to develop the OmniView system that produces a traffic map in real-time. Besides, through computer vision techniques and the collaboration between vehicles, OmniView could show the positions of surrounding vehicles with reasonable accuracy on the map. Such a traffic map, even without being displayed to the drivers, can act as the common substrate based on which various alerts can be triggered to avoid accidents.

4 On road: A car Assistant Application

On road: A car Assistant Application

With ever rising fuel prices and number of vehicles on road there is an immediate need for fuel efficient techniques to be implemented. Also there has been an exponential increase in the number of cars on road, number of road accidents and vehicle breakdown cases recorded. Finding effective ways to achieve maximum fuel efficiency without hampering the internal structure of these vehicles along with providing a response system to combat mishaps is a challenging task. In this paper, an android application is proposed which monitors parameters like Engine RPM, fuel status, throttle position through an On board Diagnostics (OBD-II) being able to help amateur drivers with gear changing and provide assistance in case of vehicle breakdown. The final goal is to assist drivers to achieve a better fuel economy.

5 Monitoring Vehicles & Pollution on road using Vehicular Cloud Environment

Monitoring Vehicles & Pollution on road using Vehicular Cloud Environment

India is having numerous amounts of vehicle's owner and more than that 50% of vehicles are continuously running on a road. As a contrast, most of the vehicles are meeting with an accident, it causes human fatalities and generated a large amount of toxic gases are emitted out during vehicle running as well as meet into an accident. Hence, various technologies have deployed to preserve and encourage Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). A numerous results were suggested the related challenges and current issues of vehicular networks as well as limitation related to the cost and accessibility of a resource. Vehicular Cloud Environments (VCE) are unitary of the results. Vehicular Cloud Environments is a novel technology that point to impact on handing traffic condition and providing road safety using various vehicular resources, such as computing units, storage devices and internet facility for correct decision-making. In this paper, we focus on the vehicular cloud environments can be the future technological changing model that offers economically feasible solutions by using intelligent vehicular networks with autonomous traffic condition information, self vehicle control on road and develop opinion systems to prevent an accident as well as analysis amount of toxic gases emitted from a vehicle on a road.

6 Autonomous collision avoidance system based on accurate knowledge of the vehicle surroundings

Autonomous collision avoidance system based on accurate knowledge of the vehicle surroundings

In this study, a collision avoidance system is presented, based on the information provided by a laser-scanner sensor, in which two actions could be taken in case of danger. Firstly, the system tries to stop the vehicle in order to avoid the accident. If a reduction in speed is not sufficiently effective, the control system takes control of the steering and deviates the vehicle's trajectory in order to escape from the hazardous situation. The control system evaluates the situation and decides the most appropriate action in each case considering free areas on the surroundings using the information of a detailed digital map. This system has been implemented in a vehicle and has been tested with pedestrians and vehicles circulating along the private test track with satisfactory results.

7 Open road tolling in India by Pattern recognition

Open road tolling in India by Pattern recognition

Modern amenities, fast data transfer and minimum delay have now become the basic requirements of all the services. This has now come in a large way in transport services also. One such service offered to transport system is toll collection. Initially toll collection was manual but now due to development in various fields it is slowly moving towards automation. The system discussed in this paper is a full automated toll collection system. Number plate recognition is used increasingly nowadays for automatic toll collection, secure parking and law enforcement. Open Road Tolling uses video evidence to identify vehicle usage of a toll facility without the use of toll booths for toll collection without having to stop or even slow down to pay the toll. The application utilizes image processing and pattern recognition methods for Open Road Tolling. This paper presents Open Road Tolling (ORT) using number plate recognition. The proposed Number Plate Recognition (NPR) techniques consist of two modules: histogram based number plate localization and number plate recognition using template matching. This approach has an advantage of being simple & faster. This has come up in a large way in foreign countries, but not in India to that extent here it is still at the level of idea.

8 A CAN protocol based embedded system to avoid rear-end collision of vehicles

A CAN protocol based embedded system to avoid rear-end collision of vehicles

Driver and passenger safety is one of the prime concerns in modern day vehicle. Alarming statistics of accidents and increased number of vehicles on road demands for an intelligent safety mechanism that helps the driver in handling immediate precarious situations like sudden probability of a rear- end collision. The work proposes a mechanism that not only computes the deceleration of vehicle due to braking and displays the braking intensity through an array of LED but also involves monitoring the braking intensity levels and communicate it to the vehicles that are following it in lambertian range of IR transmitter module to avoid any collision pre-hand, due to any situation that may arise and cause immediate deceleration of the vehicle ahead. An ARM Cortex MO microcontroller will be interfaced with an accelerometer that senses the deceleration levels, a LED array to display the braking intensity and an IR transceiver module for inter-vehicle communication that would transmit pulses whose frequency is modulated proportional to the braking intensity level. To take decision and automatically control the motion of the following vehicle, a collision avoidance system consisting of CortexMO microcontroller is implemented that warns the drier using a buzzer and messages the active and passive safety mechanisms to be activated using CAN protocol and takes control decisions according to an algorithm designed to handle the situation.

9 Travolution — an embedded system in passenger car for road safety

Travolution — an embedded system in passenger car for road safety

Each year, there are thousands of highway deaths and tens of thousands of serious injuries due to "Run-Off-Road" accidents. Everything from simple driver inattentiveness, to fatigue, callousness, to drunk driving, is responsible. Simple sensors can be fitted inside vehicles embedded with various features like, automatic collision notification, vehicle security, speed control which can give impetus to an efficient road safety system. The features that are proposed in this work are: Automatic collision notification that gives notification to the victim's relative, Red light traffic control makes sure vehicle doesn't break signal, Speed control alters speed in different zones, Horn control prevents honking in horn prohibited zone, Alcohol detection detects drunk driving and Vehicle security is used to prevent theft.

10 Development of a Deceleration-Based Surrogate Safety Measure for Rear-End Collision Risk

Development of a Deceleration-Based Surrogate Safety Measure for Rear-End Collision Risk

A surrogate safety measure can be used for preventing hazardous roadway events by evaluating the potential safety risk by using information on the driving environment gathered from vehicles. In this paper, the deceleration-based surrogate safety measure (DSSM) is proposed as a safety indicator for rear-end collision risk evaluation based on the safety conditions and the decision-making process during human driving. The DSSM shows how drivers deal with collision risk differently in acceleration and deceleration phases. The proposed surrogate safety model has been validated for severe deceleration behavior, which is a driver-critical behavior in high-risk situations of collision based on microscopic vehicle trajectory data. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between the proposed surrogate safety measures and crash potential. The measure could be used for collision warning and collision avoidance systems. It has a merit in that it reflects the characteristics of both vehicle (e.g., mechanical braking capability) and driver (e.g., preference for certain acceleration rates)

11 Voice operated intelligent fire extinguishing vehicle

Voice operated intelligent fire extinguishing vehicle

Voice Operated Intelligent Fire Extinguishing Robotic Vehicle can be controlled by RF communication. This Project demonstrates the research and implementation of Voice Controlled Intelligent Fire Extinguishing Robotic Vehicle. The vehicle is controlled through User Voice Command. The voice input allows a user to interact with the robot which is familiar to most of the people. It can also sense the temperature which has self-defensive ability so that there will be no more harm to the robot. The advantages of speech activated robots are hands-free and fast data input operations. The voice commands navigate the robot in the required direction and the outlet of the water pump can be controlled by our voice. The medium of interaction between humans and Robotic Vehicle is through the VB (Visual Basic) Software. The complete system consists of three subsystems, the Visual Basic Software, transmitter section and the receiver section (on vehicle). The results prove that proposed robotic Vehicle is capable of controlling fire, avoiding obstacles. This Robotic vehicle can be used in Rescue operations during fire accidents where the possibility for service men to enter the fire prone areas is very less.

12 Experimental evaluation of vehicle-to-vehicle based data transfer

Experimental evaluation of vehicle-to-vehicle based data transfer

In recent years the number of automobiles have been increased on the roads. Due to high density of vehicles, the potential threats and road accidents are increasing. Alongside new application domains are evolving such as infotainment. VANETs is an emerging technology where the information is exchanged among the vehicles on the road to provide updates about different road situations and dangerous conditions, to save time and lives. A lot of research is carried in this field and many simulations studies are available. The experimental studies based on the open sources hardware models are very rare. We have developed a prototype for VANETs to exchange short safety messages and infotainment sharing among the vehicles. Along with designing we have also analyzed its performance and obtained results by doing many experiments using Arduino.

13 Driver Gaze Tracking and Eyes off the Road Detection System

Driver Gaze Tracking and Eyes off the Road Detection System

Distracted driving is one of the main causes of vehicle collisions in the United States. Passively monitoring a driver's activities constitutes the basis of an automobile safety system that can potentially reduce the number of accidents by estimating the driver's focus of attention. This paper proposes an inexpensive vision-based system to accurately detect Eyes Off the Road (EOR). The system has three main components: 1) robust facial feature tracking; 2) head pose and gaze estimation; and 3) 3-D geometric reasoning to detect EOR. From the video stream of a camera installed on the steering wheel column, our system tracks facial features from the driver's face. Using the tracked landmarks and a 3-D face model, the system computes head pose and gaze direction. The head pose estimation algorithm is robust to nonrigid face deformations due to changes in expressions. Finally, using a 3-D geometric analysis, the system reliably detects EOR.

14 Bus detection system for blind people using RFID

Bus detection system for blind people using RFID

This paper presents a bus detection system using RFID technology that aims to ease the traveling and movement of blind people. The proposed system consists of two detection subsystems; one on the buses and the other on the bus stations, database system and a website. In the bus detection subsystem, the nearby stations will be easily detected and then announced through a voice message inside the bus. Moreover, any existing blind person in the surrounding area of the station will be detected by the bus subsystem to alert the bus driver about the number of blind persons. In the bus station subsystem, the coming buses will be detected and then announced in the station in order to alert the blind people. A complete system prototype has been constructed and tested to validate the proposed system. The results show that the system performance is promising in terms of system functionality, safety, and cost

15 A review: CAN based intelligent vehicle system for driver assistance using ARM

A review: Control area network (CAN) based intelligent vehicle system for driver assistance using advanced RISC machines (ARM)

Automotive Electronics sector is now a day's becoming more in demand due to its increasing technology. Most of luxurious cars consist of automatic controls for different parameters present in the car surrounding. As more and more applications are available of on-vehicle information system, the connection between the vehicle bus network and information system is becoming a trend. Basically in automobile industries CAN protocol is used for communication. The proposed system presents the development and implementation of a digital driving system for a semi-autonomous vehicle to improve the driver-vehicle interface and can provide technological development for future applications in vehicle's information system. The system is able to monitor Road lane violation, Drowsiness and Alcohol with the help of sensors and webcam which can minimize road accidents. System contains controller block designed using ARM, alcohol and Eye-blink sensors, CAN controller, Webcam, GPS and GSM modules.

16 Intelligent Energy Efficient Traffic Safety & Alert system

Intelligent Energy Efficient Traffic Safety & Alert system

The Intelligent Energy Efficient Traffic Safety & Alert System is the system for highways lighting that we called vehicle detection. This proposed study develops a system that would enable the efficient use of solar light poles with implementation of a solar system to achieve greater than ever electrical energy. The solar panel detect sun light and control solar system to achieve greater then ever electrical energy. The system consists of solar light poles deployed in dangerous portions of highways. These poles would be assembled in groups and each group will be equipped with a wireless sensor. The wireless sensor would serve for vehicle detection while the controller would be responsible of Switching on and off the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of a group of poles. This system also provides smart traffic light control for narrow portion of highway as well as traffic jam alert for RTO via SMS and manage traffic. The architecture of the suggested system is introduced, its components, workflow and operating logic are detailed, and a cost study is conducted. The motivation behind this approach is to reduce accidents by lighting dangerous portions of highways that can be deadly with a reduced cost and along with an optimal and efficient use of solar energy. Also to increase the battery life of wireless sensors used some energy efficient strategy would be implemented.

17 Launch vehicle tracking enhancement through Global Positioning system Metric Tracking

Launch vehicle tracking enhancement through Global Positioning system Metric Tracking

The USAF has embarked on an initiative known as Future Flight Safety System (FFSS) that will significantly reduce Test Range Operations and Maintenance (O&M) costs by closing facilities and decommissioning ground assets. In support of the FFSS, a GPS Metric Tracking (MT) system based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite constellation has been developed that will allow Ranges to divest some of their radar assets. Successful flight testing and qualification of these systems has been conducted at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) on the Western Test Range and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) on the Eastern Test Range. The GPS MT system has provided precise LV position, velocity and timing information that can replace ground radar tracking resource functionality. The GPS MT system provides an independent position/velocity S-Band telemetry downlink to support the current man-in-the-loop ground-based commanded destruct of an anomalous flight. The system utilizes a 216 channel digital receiver capable of navigating in high dynamic environments and high altitudes fed by antennas mounted diametrically opposed on the airframe skin. To enhance cost effectiveness, the GPS MT System design was implemented using existing commercial parts and common environmental and interface requirements for Launch Vehicles. The GPS MT System design is complete, successfully qualified, and has demonstrated in flight that the system performs as designed and simulated. Development of the next generation of GPS MT systems has been completed and qualification testing was successfully conducted. While the system was in production a need to improve testing was identified. Early production units were manually tested for several weeks at a time in a labor intensive manner. An automated test system concept was initiated and developed based on several concepts. The first was to reduce operator introduced errors, next was to improve repeatability of testing, and finally, automate t- st reports while storing data in a digital format for later in-family comparisons. This paper summarizes the current development status, system comparisons, and performance capabilities of the GPS MT system.

18 A Prototype Integrated Monitoring System for Pavement and Traffic

A Prototype Integrated Monitoring System for Pavement and Traffic Based on an Embedded Sensing Network

In the past half-century, the monitoring systems for traffic or infrastructure have been developed a lot. Because of the interdependency between traffic and infrastructure, significant advantages can be expected if the monitoring system for traffic can be integrated with that for infrastructure. In October 2011, a wireless sensing network (WSN) was installed on Virginia State Route 114. Since then, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, VA, USA) has been developing an integrated monitoring system of pavements and traffic. This paper presents the achievement of this study: a prototype system that can monitor pavement conditions and collect traffic information simultaneously using the same embedded sensing network. In the sensing network, the sensors are ranged in longitudinal and transverse groups, and the compositions, characteristics, and functionalities of the two arrangements are introduced. The two monitoring patterns of the system, i.e., continuous monitoring and periodic testing, are explained, and the data processing methods in the two patterns are illustrated. The whole system is presented combining hardware and software, and a flowchart is used to clarify its component and function modules. This system has the potential to achieve comprehensive monitoring functions for both traffic and infrastructure based on the embedded sensing network. This system is still under study, and needs to be consummated with various loading and environmental conditions taken into consideration. Once finished, this system will be valuable for the Intelligent Transportation System in the future.

19 A Video-Analysis-Based Railway–Road Safety System for Detecting Hazard Situations

A Video-Analysis-Based Railway–Road Safety System for Detecting Hazard Situations at Level Crossings

Safety and security are the most discussed topics in the road and railway transportation field. Latest security initiatives in the field of railway transportation propose to implement video surveillance at level crossing (LC) environments. In this paper we explore the possibility of implementing a smart video surveillance security system that is tuned toward detecting and evaluating abnormal situations induced by users (pedestrians, vehicle drivers, and unattended objects) in LCs. This intelligent security system starts by detecting, separating, and tracking moving objects shot in the LC. Then, a hidden Markov model is developed to estimate ideal trajectories, allowing the detected targets to discard dangerous situations. After that, the level of risk of each target is instantly estimated by using the Dempster-Shafer data fusion technique. The proposed analysis allows for also recognizing hazard scenarios. The video surveillance system is connected to a communication system (the Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment), which takes the information on the dynamic status of the LC (safe or presence of a dangerous situation) and sends it to users approaching the LC. Four hazard scenarios are tested and evaluated with different real video image sequences: presence of the obstacle in the LC, presence of the stopped vehicles line, vehicle zigzagging between two closed half barriers, and pedestrian crossing the LC area.

20 Smart Bus Station-Passenger Information System

Smart Bus Station-Passenger Information System

The people who use inner city public transportation vehicles want to get information about the current status of the public transportation vehicles and they want to know the travel time of the vehicles both while travelling and waiting at the bus stops. In this study, a smart bus stop-passenger information system was developed in order to enable administers effectively monitor the public transportation system and also enable the people who utilize this system simultaneously observe the information about the location and status of those vehicles. In the designed system, the embedded mini-computer based systems and digital monitors were used in order to instantly present the information related to the travel and transportation in the public transportation vehicles. The instant movement information of the vehicle was transferred to the central server through a GPS module which functions integrated to the embedded computer systems and web services. Moreover, the embedded mini-computer based systems and digital monitors were installed to the bus stops in order to present the information related to the movements of the public transportation vehicle and their approach to the related bus-stop. The mini-computers embedded on the bus stops provide communication with the central server through web services and the bus stops, public transportation vehicles and central server formed information network of the transportation. The software developed to manage the system provided the authorities the advantages of instant status observation, remote-informing and updating related to the management of the status and travel of the public transportation vehicles. Through this developed system, moreover, it was ensured that the position and travel information of the vehicles through the monitors both inside the public transportation vehicles and at the bus stops, increase the life qualities of the people who use the public transport vehicles and facilitate their urban life cycles

21 Taxi-RS: Taxi-Hunting Recommendation System Based on Taxi GPS Data

Taxi-RS: Taxi-Hunting Recommendation System Based on Taxi GPS Data

Recommender systems are constructed to search the content of interest from overloaded information by acquiring useful knowledge from massive and complex data. Since the amount of information and the complexity of the data structure grow, it has become a more interesting and challenging topic to find an efficient way to process, model, and analyze the information. Due to the Global Positioning System (GPS) data recording the taxi's driving time and location, the GPS-equipped taxi can be regarded as the detector of an urban transport system. This paper proposes a Taxi-hunting Recommendation System (Taxi-RS) processing the large-scale taxi trajectory data, in order to provide passengers with a waiting time to get a taxi ride in a particular location. We formulated the data offline processing system based on HotSpotScan and Preference Trajectory Scan algorithms. We also proposed a new data structure for frequent trajectory graph. Finally, we provided an optimized online querying subsystem to calculate the probability and the waiting time of getting a taxi. Taxi-RS is built based on the real-world trajectory data set generated by 12 000 taxis in one month. Under the condition of guaranteeing the accuracy, the experimental results show that our system can provide more accurate waiting time in a given location compared with a naïve algorithm.

22 Autonomous collision avoidance system based on accurate knowledge of the vehicle surroundings

Autonomous collision avoidance system based on accurate knowledge of the vehicle surroundings

23 Design and implementation of map system for indoor navigation

Design and implementation of map system for indoor navigation - An example of an application of a platform which collects and provides indoor positions

Many kinds of indoor positioning systems have been investigated, and location-based services have been developed and introduced. They are individually designed and developed based on the requirements for each service. This paper presents a map platform that accommodates any positioning system in order to utilize the platform for various application systems. The requirement conditions are summarized and the platform has been implemented using open source software. The software allows the required functions to be assigned into two servers, realizes the independence of each function and allows for future function expansion. The study has verified the basic functions required for a mapping system that can incorporate several indoor positioning systems including dead reckoning calculated by inertia sensors installed in a smartphone and an odometry system operated by the rotary encoders installed in an electric wheel chair.

24OCR and RFID enabled vehicle identification and parking allocation system

OCR and RFID enabled vehicle identification and parking allocation system

The available parking management systems require human efforts for recording entries of coming and leaving vehicles from parking in sheets. For huge parking it is difficult to keep track of the information. Use of Radio Frequency Identification known as RFID technology reduces human efforts and Optical Character Recognition known as OCR, enabled system will provide an automated system for parking management. And also it will provide the control over the access of parking space by the use of boom barriers. For huge parking it will be an effective system. Parking can be a commercial one or can be a Very Important Person (VIP) parking. Depending on the usage system can be used. Vehicle cannot be parked in parking if it is not registered. OCR acts as a solution for vehicles which are not registered. To keep track of the happenings in parking cameras are used. Places where automated systems are required, the proposed system is an answer. System combines the two strong technologies RFID and OCR.

25 A Road Condition Monitoring System Using Various Sensor Data

A Road Condition Monitoring System Using Various Sensor Data in Challenged Communication Network Environment

In our study, we develop a road condition monitoring system using multiple sensor data considering various communication environment, which is named SODiCS (Spatial and temporal Omni directional sensor data Distribution and Collection System). Japan is prone to natural disasters. In addition, the areas that have a lot of snow are prone to traffic hazards and traffic accidents occurring due to snow. A wide range and quick condition understanding and monitoring are needed after a disaster has occurred. In addition, it is important to understand the condition of the destination and the road condition to the destination in cases of commuting, disaster response and disaster relief. But, especially after a disaster has occurred, areas that mass media can provide disaster condition information are limited. Therefore, a wide range understanding of disaster condition is difficult. Recently, various higher technologies have been developed and noticed. By using those technologies, we develop SODiCS. Using this system, we can realize road condition understanding, monitoring and recording using multiple sensor data, information sharing between each vehicles and information is provided as web application. As a quantitative evaluation, we measure vehicle-to-vehicle communication quality.

26 Robust stereo matching algorithm for advanced driver assistance system

Robust stereo matching algorithm for advanced driver assistance system

Recently, advanced driver assistance system becomes an important area for automotive industries. Especially, stereo vision-based system has been actively researched. However, in practice, the system has a difficulty in getting correct information because the images from multiple cameras may contain different exposure levels, illumination changes, and lighting geometry differences. To isolate these problems, we present a robust stereo matching algorithm based on color and gradient information for the advanced driver assistance system. Unlike most stereo matching algorithms, the proposed method is robust to the illumination changes and real world's lighting conditions. Experimental result shows that the proposed scheme outperforms other existing methods under the deformed stereo images by various radiometric changes.

27 A Blind Zone Alert System Based on Intra-Vehicular Wireless Sensor Networks

A Blind Zone Alert System Based on Intra-Vehicular Wireless Sensor Networks

Due to the increasing number of sensors deployed in modern vehicles, intra-vehicular wireless sensor networks (IVWSNs) have recently received a lot of attention in the automotive industry, as they can reduce the amount of wiring harness inside a vehicle. By removing the wires, car manufacturers can reduce the weight of a vehicle and improve engine performance, fuel economy, and reliability. In addition to these direct benefits, an IVWSN is a versatile platform that can support other vehicular applications as well. An example application, known as a side blind zone alert (SBZA) system, which monitors the blind zone of the vehicle and alerts the driver in a timely manner to prevent collisions, is discussed in this paper. The performance of the IVWSN-based SBZA system is evaluated via real experiments conducted on two test vehicles. Our results show that the proposed system can achieve approximately 95%-99% detection rate with less than 15% false alarm rate. Compared with commercial systems using radars or cameras, the main benefit of the IVWSN-based SBZA is substantially lower cost.

28 Regression-based parking space availability prediction for the Ubike system

Regression-based parking space availability prediction for the Ubike system

Numerous vehicles exist worldwide such as cars, motorcycles and bicycles. Although parking for such vehicles is available in many places, parking problems still always exist, such as full lots or a lack of lots. Commuters seeking a parking space expend time when spaces are occupied, and resources are wasted when parking spaces are empty. On the other hand, biking is a green vehicle in a fuel-shortage situation and also a good exercise for people. The Ubike system is a popular short-distance transit vehicle system in Taipei City that also has the parking problem. Therefore, this study uses two common regression schemes - linear regression and support vector regression (SVR) to predict the number of bicycles in Ubike stations to determine the number of available parking spaces. It also uses the proportional selection method to increase accuracy and reduce training time for SVR. Some evaluations are conducted to validate the feasibility of the two regression-based service availability prediction schemes for the Ubike system.

29A preference based smart parking system: KFUPM case study

A preference based smart parking system: KFUPM case study

This paper describes a proof of concept implementation of a smart parking system. At KFUPM there are several parking buildings available for student dorms and some of which can be completely full. A lot of time is wasted by students looking for the most suitable parking space. The developed parking system informs each user the closest vacant parking space to his preference through a display board and an SMS to his mobile phone. Every student will have his preference stored in the campus smartcard database that includes his mobile phone number. If the preferred parking space is occupied, the system finds the closest vacant parking space

30 Autonomous Community Architecture for City Petrol Supply Management System

Autonomous Community Architecture and Construction Technology for City Petrol Supply Management System

City Petrol Supply Management System(CPSMS) is very important in current society. Effective CPSMS could reduce the waiting time of user, reduce pollution gas by incomplete combustion from engine idling, decrease the air pollution and promote the service quality of petroleum enterprise. But via centralized management model of traditional CPSMS, system is not flexible to get good timeliness performance. In this paper, we propose an Autonomous Community Architecture and construction technology to solve this problem. In this architecture, each petrol station could real-timely share information with each other. It could also share information with users. So that each petrol station could make decision to cooperate with each other to construct community. Each user could select most adequate petrol station for filling service. Waiting time for petrol filling service could be decreased.

31Strategies for traffic signal control in Indian cities

Strategies for traffic signal control in Indian cities

Most Indian cities face oversaturated flow conditions during peak periods. In this paper we revisit the traffic signal control to improve urban network performance. Three novel strategies that address congested heterogeneous traffic flow are presented. The first two strategies - keeping intersection signal cycle times shorter and bottleneck metering - are derived from field observed data while the third - exclusive lanes and storage area near intersections for two wheelers - is supported based on a micro-simulation model. Potential improvements are presented based on the strategies. While most recent studies have focused on area wide / network signal control improvements our study shows potential for significant improvement even at the level of an isolated signal.

32 Effective and efficient landslide detection system to monitor Konkan railway tracks

Effective and efficient landslide detection system to monitor Konkan railway tracks

Man has been developing various methods to protect himself from natural calamities since ages. The only scientific solution to natural calamities is development of systems to predict, detect and take preventive measures using recent advancement in technology. Along the highly landslide prone Konkan railway line, many people have lost their lives due to landslides. It is now high time to replace the present obsolete manual detection systems deployed along this line. In this paper, a highly accurate, effective and efficient landslide detection system has been proposed which can be used along the Konkan railway line to monitor tracks for landslide using image processing. The coding has been done using MATLAB and a low resolution webcam was used for acquiring sample video frames. Various techniques like Hamming distance, Entropy, Euclidean Distance, Correlation, Block processing etc. were used for event detection. The proposed technique gave a threshold margin of 80.24% and the average efficiency of the system was found to be 86.67% for the considered set of images. Using proposed technique, False Acceptance Ratio (FAR) of 0.067 and False Rejection Ratio (FRR) of 0.933 were achieved.

34 Overview for solid waste bin monitoring and collection system

Solid waste management is a big challenge in urban areas for most of the countries throughout the world. An efficient waste management is a pre requisition for maintain a safe and green environment as there are increasing all kinds of waste disposal. There are many technologies are used for waste collection as well as for well managed recycling. In this paper we have introduced an integrated system combined with an integrated system of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Global Position System (GPS), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and web camera.The built-in RFID reader in collection trucks would automatically retrieve all sorts of customer information and bin information from RFID tag, mounted with each bin. GPS would give the location information of the collection truck. All The information of the center server would updated automatically through GPRS communication system. The performance of the implemented system have been analyzed and focused that the proposed system is much better than existing system in terms of high speed data transmission, precision, real time and reliability.

35 Driver Alertness Monitoring Using Fusion of Facial Features and Bio-Signals

Driver drowsiness is among the leading causal factors in traffic accidents occurring worldwide. This paper describes a method to monitor driver safety by analyzing information related to fatigue using two distinct methods: eye movement monitoring and bio-signal processing. A monitoring system is designed in Android-based smartphone where it receives sensory data via wireless sensor network and further processes the data to indicate the current driving aptitude of the driver. It is critical that several sensors are integrated and synchronized for a more realistic evaluation of the driver behavior.The sensors applied include a video sensor to capture the driver image and a bio-signal sensor to gather the driver photoplethysmograph signal. A dynamic Bayesian network framework is used for the driver fatigue evaluation. A warning alarm is sounded if driver fatigue is believed to reach a defined threshold. The manifold testing of the system demonstrates the practical use of multiple features, particularly with discrete methods, and their fusion enables a more authentic and ample fatigue detection.

36 A New Automobile Anti interference Alarm System Based on Signal Detecting Technique

37 A vehicle Management system of community based on radio Frequency Identification system

A vehicle management system of community based on RFID technology is introduced in the article. Administrator could manage more effectively the parking lot which integrates the application of radio frequency identification technology, computer management and automatic control technology. The system consists of vehicles access control sub-system and vehicles information management sub-system. It could effective control the vehicles passing through road gate and record the vehicles data.

When the vehicle equipped with RFID tags entering the work area and the information carried on RFID tags will be read. Command software will determine the legitimacy of the tag and give the relevant orders to the control sub-system. The system can automatically let the legal vehicles pass through gate without human intervention.

38.Ubiquitous GPS VEHICLE TRACKING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Global Positioning System (GPS) is becoming widely used for tracking and monitoring vehicles. Many systems have been created to provide such services which make them popular and needed more than ever before. In this paper a “GPS vehicle tracking system” is proposed. This system is useful for fleet operators in monitoring driving behavior of employees or parents monitoring their teen drivers. Moreover, this system can be used in theft prevention as a retrieval device in addition of working as a security system combined with car alarms.

39 Design &amp Implementation of Vehicle Monitoring and early Warning System based on Wince

According to the functional requirements of vehicle monitoring and early-warning, a system hardware solution and modularized software structure were put forward. Through embedded development technology, vehicle monitoring and early-warning system was developed based on UNO2170 industrial computer of Advantech with WinCE operating system using Embedded Visual C++ (EVC), which combined with multi sensor data acquisition technology, global positioning system (GPS) and general packet radio service (GPRS). It real-time monitored abnormal vehicle states and achieved two-way communication between test vehicle and monitoring center.

This system was installed in a light truck (CA1046L2). Road tests were conducted through a CA1046L2 light truck with the developed system using pre-set failure test method. The developed system reacted rapidly to the pre-set vehicle failures and performed stably with good results, which had great significance for raising transportation efficiency and security.

40 Fast license plate detection based on edge density and integral edge image

This paper presents a robust algorithm for license plate detection that can detect multiple license plates with various sizes in unfamiliar and complex backgrounds. License plate detection is an important processing step in license plate recognition which has many applications in intelligent transportation systems. Vertical edges and edge density features are utilized to find candidate regions. Then, the candidates are filtered out based on geometrical and textural properties. The efficiency of the method is improved using the integral edge image and two-stage candidate window detection. The experimental results confirm robustness and efficiency of proposed method.

42 Design of taxi routing and fare estimation program with re-prediction methods for a smart phone

Our design uses two methods to improve the accuracy of the taxi fare estimation. One is using an adaptive calibration to improve the accuracy of the taxi fare estimation when running the prediction program, the other is using an improved distance accuracy method which reduces the error of the cumulative distance in the program per GPS signals. Our design also combines with short message service (SMS), social networks and cloud storage to develop an application program on the smart phone with the following multifunction: real-time route planning, fare estimation and a security tracking system.

43 Robust railway crack detection scheme (RRCDS) using LED-LDR assembly

In India, most of the commercial transport is being carried out by the railway network and therefore, any problems in the same has the capacity to induce major damage to the economy-notwithstanding the societal impact of loss of life or limb. This paper proposes a cost effective yet robust solution to the problem of railway crack detection utilizing a method that is unique in the sense that while it is simple, the idea is completely novel and hitherto untested.The paper discusses the technical and design aspects in detail and also provides the proposed robust crack detection algorithm. The paper also presents the details of the implementation results of the RRCDS utilizing simple components inclusive of a GPS module, GSM Modem and LED-LDR based crack detector assembly. The proposed scheme has been modeled for robust implementation in the Indian scenario.

44 Parking spaces detection in indoor environments based on Zigbee

This paper describes the study about parking spaces detection in indoor environments, implementing a WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) based on Zigbee technology. Our study focuses on the analysis of the received power when a vehicle is parked or not, by monitoring the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) field defined in the MAC layer as the IEEE 802.15.4 describes. We focus in the analysis of three factors: data processing time, the influence of distance in received power and the attenuation effect in the signal when propagates, which determine the network topology to deploy and the validity of our location model.

45 Automatic authorized vehicle recognition system

The growth of technology is increasing day by day to fulfill the human needs. The proposed system is implemented to make human work easier. ANPR is an image processing technology which uses number plate to identify the vehicle. The objective is to design an efficient automatic authorized vehicle identification system by using the vehicle number plate. The system is implemented on the entrance of a highly restricted areas for security e.g. Parliament, military zones, Supreme Court etc. The proposed algorithm consists of four major parts: vehicle detection, extraction of plate region, classification of a vehicle and recognition of plate characters.

For vehicle detection moving object detecting algorithm is used. For extracting the plate region smearing algorithm and segmentation are used. The alpha numeric characters are recognized by using OCR. The resulting data is then used to compare with the database so as to come up with the specific information like the vehicle's owner, place of registration, address, etc. The system is implemented and simulated in Matlab, and its performance is tested on a real image.

46 The Implementation of Real-Time On-line Vehicle Diagnostics and Early Fault Estimation System

This paper developed an intelligent technology for real-time vehicle diagnostics and early fault estimation. The proposed system consists of vehicle on board unit (OBU) and vehicle diagnostics server (VDS). The vehicle OBU and VDS integrate with several subsystems, including vehicle wireless network, global positioning system (GPS), CAN bus, on-board diagnostics (OBD), and online expert system. The vehicle OBU could obtain real-time vehicle operation data, such as speed, engine RPM (Revolution(s) Per Minute), throttle, break, coolant temperature, battery voltage, O2 sensor, fuel trim, instant fuel consumption, and etc., from CAN bus and OBD.

These vehicle operation data will be uploaded to the VDS via 3.5G or WiMAX wireless network. Then, the expert system built-in the VDS will analyze these vehicle operation data and perform real-time vehicle diagnostics or fault early warning. Once abnormal conditions have been detected, the VDS will inform deriver or qualified factory of the requirement of vehicle maintenance or repair. Using this system could increase the driving safety as well as decrease the air pollution and unnecessary fuel consumption caused by vehicle faults. This will also benefit our living environment, energy saving, and carbon reduction.

47 Design of vehicle positioning system based on ARM

This paper discussed a kind of design of vehicle location system based on ARM. The architecture and working theory of this system is introduced in details, and introduces the vehicle location system which uses the ARM microprocessor LPC2129 as a control unit to combinative with GPS LR9548 and GSM TC35 modules. Explores location solution, map-matching and data compress that associated with the positioning, shows a program flowchart and predicts the trend of the vehicle location system in the future.

48 .A simple visual navigation system for an UAV

We present a simple and robust monocular camera-based navigation system for an autonomous quadcopter. The method does not require any additional infrastructure like radio beacons, artificial landmarks or GPS and can be easily combined with other navigation methods and algorithms. Its computational complexity is independent of the environment size and it works even when sensing only one landmark at a time, allowing its operation in landmark poor environments. We also describe an FPGA based embedded realization of the method's most computationally demanding phase.

49 Smart city for VANETs using warning messages, traffic statistics and intelligent traffic lights

Road safety has become a main issue for governments and car manufacturers in the last twenty years. The development of new vehicular technologies has favoured companies, researchers and institutions to focus their efforts on improving road safety. During the last decades, the evolution of wireless technologies has allowed researchers to design communication systems where vehicles participate in the communication networks. Thus, new types of networks, such as Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), have been created to facilitate communication between vehicles themselves and between vehicles and infrastructure.New concepts where vehicular networks play an important role have appeared the last years, such as smart cities and living labs [1]. Smart cities include intelligent traffic management in which data from the TIC (Traffic Information Centre) infrastructures could be reachable at any point.

To test the possibilities of these future cities, living labs (cities in which new designed systems can be tested in real conditions) have been created all over Europe. The goal of our framework is to transmit information about the traffic conditions to help the driver (or the vehicle itself) take adequate decisions. In this work, the development of a warning system composed of Intelligent Traffic Lights (ITLs) that provides information to drivers about traffic density and weather conditions in the streets of a city is proposed and evaluated through simulations.

50 Performance Analysis of Three-tiers Wireless Sensor Networks for Urban Traffic

This paper presents an urban traffic information collection algorithm implemented through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with floating vehicles technology, which can provide a flexible, energy efficient, low-delay and low-cost wireless solution for obtaining all-weather real time traffic information that can be used for generating safety warnings to drivers, passengers and managers. The system consists of an urban traffic control center (TCC), some intersection control units (ICUs), some floating vehicles nodes (FVNs) and vast roadside sensor nodes (RSNs), which make up a three-tiers network architecture.

Moreover, the system performance has been detailedly analyzed and evaluated in terms of delay and energy. And the result shows that the proposed algorithm can not only ensure the urgency data to be propagated but also effectively prolong the network lifetime. It is characterized with higher cost performance and flexibility, comparing with the current system based on single floating vehicles technologies or single WSNs technologies.

51 Variable speed limit to improve safety near traffic congestion on urban freeways (DGS)

Recently, the convergence of information technology with biotechnology, nano-technology, or other technologies has been creating a new paradigm. In the field of transportation, intelligent transport systems (ITSs) - a convergence of information technologies and transportation systems - have been studied. The VSL is one ITS technologies that aims to improve the safety and efficiency of transportation while controlling the speed limit according to traffic circumstances. Existing studies for VSL algorithms have considered only one station to control the traffic. However, it is not appropriate for an urban freeway to be installed with many stations. In this paper, a new VSL algorithm is proposed to enhance the effectiveness of VSL for multiple stations. It is based on the cooperation of stations and the real-time road information.

52.Leveraging speech-active regions towards active safety in vehicles

Since audio/speech based systems are gaining a lot of prominence in in-vehicular technology, it becomes very important to understand the effect of speech (i.e., speaking or listening) on drivers' cognitive workload and overall driving performance. Towards this goal, this study probes into the impact of speech on driver distraction, and proposes a method for detecting the active-speech regions to be utilized in driver distraction detection.

It is shown that the fusion of speech and vehicle dynamics signals helps in better assessing the distraction level, thus more relevant corrective commands/warnings can be issued by the vehicle safety system. It is observed that while in-vehicle speech by itself does not necessarily cause distraction, it plays a significant role in increasing the distraction level of the driver if he is performing any secondary tasks, and is engaged in a conversation.

53 Automated Toll Collection with time and Vehicle Theft Prevention

AutoID technology has been extensively used for a diversity of applications ranging from access control systems to airport baggage handling, livestock management systems, automated toll collection, theft-prevention, and automated production systems. Being able to efficiently perform complex real-time analysis on top of streams of RFID events is a key challenge. This will provide management with a novel data analysis mechanism to allow better, tactical, on time, well-informed decision-making. Challenges involve both syntactic and evaluation issues. In this paper we propose a set of linguistic requirements for RFID data management (RFDM) queries and describe an SQL-like construct to address these.

We argue that a large and useful class of (potentially complex) RFDM queries can be easily expressed and efficiently evaluated using this formality: start from a relational expression and successively extend it with columns representing aggregates over dynamically updated ordered sets.This incremental construction of a query is similar to formula definitions in spreadsheets. We present a fully functional prototype called COSTES (continuous spreadsheet-like computations) implementing spreadsheet-like queries and discuss its architecture and performance. We describe our system in the context of a supply chain management application.

54 License plate recognition based on mathematical morphology method and RBF neural network

License plate recognition is one of the core technologies in intelligent traffic control. There are broad application prospects in intelligent car park management, highway automatic toll collection and violation detection. This technology combines computer technology, image processing, pattern recognition and many other disciplines, which is an important research topic in the transport sector in recent years. In this paper, the license plate location method is based on mathematical morphology method and a modified RBF neural network algorithm to complete the identification. There is a good recognition result through MATLAB simulation experiments.